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Rectangle

If a function receives a rectangle as an argument it could be several things:

You can specify the parameters x, y, width, height directly as arguments of the function. E.g. sprite:crop(0, 16, 64, 32)
You can specify an object with x, y, width, and height properties. E.g. sprite:crop{ x=0, y=16, width=64, height=32 }
You can specify an array with 4 elements: E.g. sprite:crop{ 0, 16, 64, 32 }
You can specify a Rectangle instance: E.g. sprite:crop(Rectangle(0, 16, 64, 32))

Rectangle()

Rectangle()
Rectangle(otherRectangle)
Rectangle(x, y, width, height)
Rectangle{x=number, y=number, width=number, height=number}
Rectangle{x=number, y=number, w=number, h=number}
Rectangle{number, number, number, number}

Rectangle.x

local x = rectangle.x
rectangle.x = newX

Gets or sets the x-coordinate of the rectangle. 0 means at the left side of the screen/sprite.

Rectangle.y

local y = rectangle.y
rectangle.y = newY

Gets or sets the y-coordinate of the rectangle. 0 means at the top side of the screen/sprite.

Rectangle.width

local width = rectangle.width
rectangle.width = newWidth

Gets or sets the width of the rectangle. If it's 0, the rectangle is empty (so the coordinate doesn't matter).

Rectangle.height

local height = rectangle.height
rectangle.height = newHeight

Gets or sets the height of the rectangle. If it's 0, the rectangle is empty (so the coordinate doesn't matter).

Rectangle.w

Same as Rectangle.width.

Rectangle.h

Same as Rectangle.height.

Rectangle.origin

local point = rectangle.origin
rectangle.origin = newPoint

Gets or sets the origin of the rectangle with a Point object, just like changing Rectangle.x and Rectangle.y at the same time.

Rectangle.size

local size = rectangle.size
rectangle.size = newSize

Gets or sets the size of the rectangle with a Size object, just like changing Rectangle.width and Rectangle.height at the same time.

Rectangle.isEmpty

local booleanResult = rectangle.isEmpty

Returns true if the rectangle is empty i.e. width and/or height are 0.

Rectangle:contains()

local booleanResult = rectangle:contains(otherRectangle)

Returns true if otherRectangle is inside rectangle.

Example:

local bounds = Rectangle{ x=0, y=0, width=32, height=32 }
local rectInside = Rectangle{ x=4, y=4, width=8, height=8 }
if bounds:contains(rectInside) then ... end

Rectangle:intersects()

local booleanResult = rectangle:intersects(otherRectangle)

Returns true if rectangle intersects in some way otherRectangle.

Rectangle:intersect()

local newRectangle = rectangle:intersect(otherRectangle)

Returns the new rectangle newRectangle which is the intersection of rectangle and otherRectangle. If both rectangles don't intersect each other, the result will be an empty rectangle

Rectangle:union()

local newRectangle = rectangle:union(otherRectangle)

Returns the new rectangle newRectangle which will be a rectangle big enough to contains both given rectangles rectangle and otherRectangle.